The nine month long war of liberation waged by the people of Bangladesh in 1971 will for ever remain recorded as one of the most glorious chapters in human history. We had to move violently against the vicious Pakistani military. We have achieved this independence through step by step movement.
After the establishment of East Pakistan and West Pakistan the central Pakistan Government wanted to establish Urdu as the sole national language of Pakistan, where the majority of the people used to speak in Bengali. The Bengali-Urdu ontroversy was more acute when Khawaja Nazimuddin, staunchly defended the "Urdu and urdu will be the only language of Pakistan" in a speech on 27 January 1952. As a result the people of the East Pakistan vehemently opposed against the decision. As a result Rastro Vasa Sangram Porishod is formed in Dhaka University. This Porishod called for an all out effort against this wrong decision of the government. And in order to stop the Bengali the Pakistani Government imposed Section 144 in Dhaka. At 10a.m in 21st February the student of Dhaka University and the people of all sectors and of all ages who love their language, their mother toung gathered at the Dhaka University Campus to opposed the Section 144. The police also surrounded the varsity campus to protest the students. When the student of Dhaka University attempted to break the police barricade and gathered at the university gate the police fired tear gas to the student. As a result a terrible situation was occurred.The police also arrested some students. After that the students blocked the legislators' way, asking them the reason about their presence at their assembly. They also made slogan for Bengali language, then the police opened a fire at the students and killed a number of students including Salam, Rafiq, Barkat, Jabbar, Shafiur. They are the heroic sons of our nation.When the news spread out the country, a national strike began sturdily. As a result the Bengali achieved the Bengal language as their national language. This language movement day persuade the Bengali for the antagonism of all the erroneous of the Pakistani government.In 4th December 1954 a Political Party, namely Jukta Front was formed as the opponent party. In 5-6th February Historic 6-Points which was the structured foundation of the east Pakistan was proposed by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in the conference of the opponent party at Lahore. This 6-points had got popularity among the people of East Pakistan and the Government had considered it as the rival of the existence of Pakistan. Then the Government brought a Case, namely Agartala Conspiracy Case against Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in order to protest the people of Bangladesh. Against the Agartala Conspiracy Case 11-Point was proposed.
In 1969 uprising in East Pakistan a political movement took place against the Pakistani Government including the mass people of east Pakistan.
Next in 7th December,1970 an election was taken place. In this election Awami League won with a great detachment because the people of Bangladesh joined in the election spontaneously with Awami Leage. This Party get the general people to their side because they joined in the election based on 6-Points and 11-Points which is the reflection of long cherished hope of the Bengali against the injustice activities of government. But the Pakistani ruining class did not agree to hand over ruining power. For this reason Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, on 7march 1979 delivered a speech at the Rececourse Ground. In his speech he said ,"Our struggle is for our freedom. Our struggle is for our independence." Again he also called for a non-cooperation movement against the ruining class. Mainly this speech encourage the people to fight for the independence
On the night 25 March,1971 the Pakistani army launched "Operation search light" in another word "Genocide", on the sleeping nation according to the order of Yahya Khan.
They killed the military Bengali, Student of Dhaka University and the intelligentsia. At the night they killed the people of all class, at first they picked up them and then fired them. At the mid-night Dhaka was burning, specially the Hindu dominated eastern part of the city. This 25 march night is known as Black night in the history of Bengali. At this night Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was arrested. At this night Sheikh Mujibur Rahman gave the declaration of independence. A telegram containing this declaration reached to some student of Chittagong. On 27march 1971 Major Ziaur Rahman broadcast the announcement of the declaration of independence on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. On 17 April a provisional government was formed i Meherpur district. Bangladeh forces command was set up by col. Ataul Ghani Osmani. Bangladesh was divided into 11 sectors each with a commander chosen from defected officers of the Pakistani army who joined the Muktibahini to conduct guerrilla operation and train the frrdom fighters properly. After august economic and military points are attacked in Dhaka by the guerrilla bahini. The major success occurred at 16 August which was named Operation Jackpot. During the months October the Bangladeshi freedom fighters started attacking outpost. On 3 December Indian Mitro bahini and Mukti Bahini are brought under Jautho Bahini. At first India declared Bangladesh as independent country on 6 December.
This Mitra Bahini launched a massive offensive against the Pakistani Military.From 10 December to 14 December again Pakistani military with the help of Rajakar, Al Badar began, Al Shams Genocide for the second time. On 14 December they killed the intellectuals people. At last akter nine months on 16 December the Pakistani Bahini surrendered to the Mukti Bahini and Mitra Bahini with their 93000 military. During this nine months war three million Bengalis died, ten million were in India as refuges. So this Independent Bangladesh started with the the responsibility to reside the 75 million people, fulfill the want for food, cloth and medical facilities. It was very complicated for the new born nation.
